Progrès relatifs aux écosystèmes liés à l’eau (cible 6.6 des ODD)
La protection et la restauration des écosystèmes liés à l’eau permettront d’atténuer les changements climatiques et de renforcer la résilience face à ces phénomènes. Par exemple, les zones humides captent le carbone présent dans l’atmosphère, et protègent ainsi les zones côtières contre les ondes de tempêtes, et l’intérieur des terres contre les inondations et les sécheresses en retenant l’eau.
- 4 % des bassins hydrographiques du monde subissent de fortes variations de l’étendue de leurs eaux de surface (indicateur 6.6.1 de l’ODD 6, 2022)
Séries chronologiques disponibles : 2000-2022
Nombre de pays (et de zones) ayant présenté des rapports au cours des cinq dernières années: 231
Part de la population mondiale couverte par les rapports produits au cours des cinq dernières années: 89%
Part de la surface terrestre mondiale couverte par les rapports produits au cours des cinq dernières années : 80%
Pour en savoir plus sur l’indicateur, cliquez ici
Le dernier rapport de situation est disponible ici
La cible 6.6 est la suivante : « D’ici à 2020, protéger et restaurer les écosystèmes liés à l’eau, notamment les montagnes, les forêts, les zones humides, les rivières, les aquifères et les lacs. »
Pour rendre compte des progrès vers la réalisation de la cible, l’indicateur 6.6.1 permet de suivre l’évolution des écosystèmes liés à l’eau, tels que les lacs, les cours d’eau, les zones humides et les mangroves à l’aide d’observations terrestres.
Change in permanent surface water extent compared to baseline period 2000-2019, by country (data from ----) ©
In XX countries (and areas), representing XX% of global land area and XX% of global population, more than 10% of permanent lakes and rivers has been lost compared to the baseline period.
In XX countries (and areas), representing XX% of global land area and XX% of global population, more than 25% of permanent lakes and rivers has been lost compared to the baseline period.
Percentage change compared to baseline (%)
<28.13
13.58 - 28.13
6.54 - 13.58
0.38 - 6.54
<0.38
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
Change in seasonal surface water extent compared to baseline period 2000-2019, by country (data from ----) ©
Increases in seasonal lakes and rivers can be a sign of floods. In XX countries (and areas), representing XX% of global land area and XX% of global population, seasonal lakes and rivers have increased by more than 100% compared to the baseline period.
Decreases in seasonal lakes and rivers can be a sign of droughts. In XX countries (and areas), representing XX% of global land area and XX% of global population, seasonal lakes and rivers have decreased by more than 10% compared to the baseline period.
Percentage change compared to baseline (%)
<121.16
80.47 - 121.16
56.26 - 80.47
41.03 - 56.26
24.09 - 41.03
<24.09
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
Change in mangrove extent compared to 2000, by country (data from ----) ©
In XX countries (and areas), representing XX% of global land area and XX% of global population, more than 10% of mangroves has been lost since 2000.
Percentage change compared to baseline (%)
<0.29
-0.5 - 0.29
-2.39 - -0.5
-5.81 - -2.39
<-5.81
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
Maximum and minimum river flow and change compared to baseline period 2000-2019, by region (data from XXXX)
Globally, the maximum river flow has increased with XX% and the minimum river flow has increased with XX%, compared to the baseline period.
Proportion of large lakes with high change in turbidity and trophic state compared to baseline period 2006-2020, by region (data from XXXX) ©
In the world there are XX large lakes that are monitored, of which XX% has a high increase in turbidity and XX% has a high increase in trophic state, compared to the baseline period. Turbidity and trophic state are signs of water pollution and overfertilization.
15.1.2 Proportion of important sites for biodiversity that are covered by protected areas, by ecosystem type and region (data from 2021) ©
Country (or area), regional and world data for the latest year of reporting (data from 2020 - 2022):
| Pays (ou zone), région, monde | Année | 6.6.1 Variation de l’étendue des écosystèmes liés à l’eau dans le temps | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surface water extent > Permanent | Surface water extent > Seasonal | Inland vegetated wetland extent | Mangrove extent | ||
| Afghanistan | 2022 | 545.74 | 2086.86 | ||
| Afrique du Nord et Asie occidentale | 2022 | 94245.52 | 21395.71 | ||
| Afrique du Sud | 2020-2022 | 1362.51 | 1913.01 | 3.01 | |
| Afrique subsaharienne | 2020-2022 | 140659.28 | 77320.48 | -2.13 | |
| Albanie | 2022 | 240.56 | 99.7 | ||
| Algérie | 2022 | 89.82 | 2050.79 | ||
| Allemagne | 2022 | 3382.61 | 706.19 | ||
| Amérique latine et Caraïbes | 2020-2022 | 156314.54 | 137852.65 | -2.82 | |
| Andorre | 2022 | 0.52 | 0.29 | ||
| Angola | 2020-2022 | 590.27 | 4584.59 | -3.3 | |
| Anguilla | 2020-2022 | 1.38 | 1.29 | -13.51 | |
| Antigua-et-Barbuda | 2020-2022 | 2.63 | 5.1 | 1.02 | |
| Arabie saoudite | 2020-2022 | 153.33 | 928.93 | -22.98 | |
| Argentine | 2022 | 25228.6 | 28440.44 | ||
| Arménie | 2022 | 1318.03 | 38.15 | ||
| Aruba | 2020-2022 | 0.46 | 2.93 | -16.55 | |
| Asie centrale et Asie du Sud | 2020-2022 | 334282.22 | 176774.98 | -3.01 | |
| Asie de l’Est et Asie du Sud-Est | 2020-2022 | 142443.08 | 151679.36 | -4.88 | |
| Australie | 2020-2022 | 4467.46 | 50627.04 | -4.54 | |
| Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande | 2020-2022 | 7761.31 | 51211.35 | -4.37 | |
| Autriche | 2022 | 554.32 | 99.5 | ||
| Azerbaïdjan | 2022 | 78372.19 | 813.06 | ||
| Bahamas | 2020-2022 | 1117.52 | 2031.23 | -8.81 | |
| Bahreïn | 2020-2022 | 3.54 | 11.63 | -6.9 | |
| Bangladesh | 2020-2022 | 1633.2 | 16395.85 | 0.82 | |
| Barbade | 2020-2022 | 0.03 | 0.6 | 8.76 | |
| Belgique | 2022 | 119.49 | 50.49 | ||
| Belize | 2020-2022 | 303.01 | 283.06 | -3.7 | |
| Bermudes | 2020-2022 | 1.15 | 0.46 | 0 | |
| Bhoutan | 2022 | 75.03 | 64.56 | ||
| Bolivie (État plurinational de) | 2022 | 9381.9 | 16810.59 | ||
| Bosnie-Herzégovine | 2022 | 98.96 | 90.54 | ||
| Botswana | 2022 | 229.17 | 4690.82 | ||
| Brunéi Darussalam | 2020-2022 | 19.25 | 23.93 | 0.3 | |
| Brésil | 2020-2022 | 61477.08 | 43922.09 | -0.52 | |
| Bulgarie | 2022 | 415.52 | 143.52 | ||
| Burkina Faso | 2022 | 113.85 | 539.13 | ||
| Burundi | 2022 | 1943.97 | 26.36 | ||
| Bénin | 2020-2022 | 278.71 | 214.22 | -1.19 | |
| Cabo Verde | 2022 | 6.74 | 28.03 | ||
| Cambodge | 2020-2022 | 3364.59 | 11703.66 | -3.04 | |
| Cameroun | 2020-2022 | 784.86 | 1243.03 | 0.33 | |
| Canada | 2022 | 916376.96 | 99000.95 | ||
| Chili | 2022 | 11250.89 | 1864.08 | ||
| Chine | 2020-2022 | 101750.7 | 81085.72 | -11.91 | |
| Chine, région administrative spéciale de Hong Kong | 2022 | 18.12 | 20.88 | ||
| Chine, région administrative spéciale de Macao | 2022 | 1.35 | 1.72 | ||
| Chypre | 2022 | 7.97 | 16.88 | ||
| Colombie | 2020-2022 | 7157.32 | 7788.34 | -2.52 | |
| Comores | 2020-2022 | 2.09 | 5.13 | 0.26 | |
| Congo | 2020-2022 | 1616.54 | 1070.68 | -0.33 | |
| Costa Rica | 2020-2022 | 44.87 | 130.72 | -2.18 | |
| Croatie | 2022 | 222.42 | 200.19 | ||
| Cuba | 2020-2022 | 1247.85 | 1301.8 | -7.51 | |
| Curaçao | 2020-2022 | 2.99 | 6.87 | -0.21 | |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 2020-2022 | 169.33 | 495.61 | -5.82 | |
| Danemark | 2022 | 433.28 | 104.25 | ||
| Djibouti | 2020-2022 | 131.14 | 349.1 | -15.61 | |
| Dominique | 2020-2022 | 0.01 | 0.56 | 10.91 | |
| El Salvador | 2020-2022 | 161.36 | 60.39 | -0.88 | |
| Espagne | 2022 | 594.42 | 1020.05 | ||
| Estonie | 2022 | 2017.71 | 141.54 | ||
| Eswatini | 2022 | 7.44 | 13.08 | ||
| Fidji | 2020-2022 | 9.86 | 31.85 | 0.5 | |
| Finlande | 2022 | 22408.11 | 2123 | ||
| France | 2022 | 2535.62 | 1140.78 | ||
| Fédération de Russie | 2022 | 425203.6 | 176161.97 | ||
| Gabon | 2020-2022 | 1582.02 | 646.97 | -0.71 | |
| Gambie | 2020-2022 | 102.76 | 155.07 | 0.33 | |
| Ghana | 2020-2022 | 220.84 | 621.82 | -0.64 | |
| Gibraltar | 2022 | 0.04 | 0.06 | ||
| Grenade | 2020-2022 | 0.34 | 1.03 | -0.41 | |
| Groenland | 2022 | 17315.94 | 1313.46 | ||
| Grèce | 2022 | 678.58 | 259.83 | ||
| Guadeloupe | 2020-2022 | 0.42 | 2.19 | 0.1 | |
| Guam | 2020-2022 | 0.62 | 0.75 | 0.73 | |
| Guatemala | 2020-2022 | 1070.86 | 340.15 | -0.14 | |
| Guernesey | 2022 | 0.97 | 0.85 | ||
| Guinée | 2020-2022 | 67.83 | 747.37 | -2.95 | |
| Guinée équatoriale | 2020-2022 | 19.46 | 29.02 | -0.15 | |
| Guinée-Bissau | 2020-2022 | 51.55 | 357.66 | -1.99 | |
| Guyana | 2020-2022 | 419.19 | 896.71 | -6.32 | |
| Guyane française | 2020-2022 | 53.97 | 97.49 | 5.93 | |
| Géorgie | 2022 | 231.19 | 153.22 | ||
| Géorgie du Sud-et-les Îles Sandwich du Sud | 2022 | 64.62 | 15.43 | ||
| Haïti | 2020-2022 | 166.27 | 79.25 | -7.67 | |
| Honduras | 2020-2022 | 478.48 | 556.42 | -2.97 | |
| Hongrie | 2022 | 1140.91 | 285.86 | ||
| Inde | 2020-2022 | 8260.28 | 62015.23 | -1.78 | |
| Indonésie | 2020-2022 | 8730.55 | 12278.19 | -5.56 | |
| Iran (République islamique d’) | 2020-2022 | 59506.34 | 12384.79 | -21.67 | |
| Iraq | 2022 | 1963.15 | 6227.4 | ||
| Irlande | 2022 | 897.73 | 165.73 | ||
| Islande | 2022 | 1661.94 | 244.67 | ||
| Israël | 2022 | 451.4 | 52.28 | ||
| Italie | 2022 | 1949.36 | 838.36 | ||
| Jamaïque | 2020-2022 | 10.96 | 19.23 | -5.74 | |
| Japon | 2020-2022 | 1589.11 | 1091 | -0.47 | |
| Jersey | 2022 | 0.55 | 0.48 | ||
| Jordanie | 2022 | 435.81 | 111.65 | ||
| Kazakhstan | 2022 | 155466.99 | 50253.53 | ||
| Kenya | 2020-2022 | 7913.86 | 777.48 | -1.02 | |
| Kirghizistan | 2022 | 6977.32 | 387.61 | ||
| Kiribati | 2020-2022 | 0.94 | 2.07 | 0 | |
| Koweït | 2022 | 26.16 | 179.7 | ||
| Lesotho | 2022 | 7.2 | 42.34 | ||
| Lettonie | 2022 | 790.47 | 341.71 | ||
| Liban | 2022 | 2.21 | 8.43 | ||
| Libye | 2022 | 43.45 | 542.64 | ||
| Libéria | 2020-2022 | 21.6 | 108.06 | -1.85 | |
| Liechtenstein | 2022 | 0.77 | 0.24 | ||
| Lituanie | 2022 | 860.7 | 290.01 | ||
| Luxembourg | 2022 | 2.81 | 1.84 | ||
| Macédoine du Nord | 2022 | 456.12 | 16.91 | ||
| Madagascar | 2020-2022 | 1816.3 | 4408.53 | -1.8 | |
| Malaisie | 2020-2022 | 714.64 | 1137.31 | -1.3 | |
| Malawi | 2022 | 23500.4 | 651.45 | ||
| Maldives | 2020 | 0 | |||
| Mali | 2022 | 1006.16 | 7892.46 | ||
| Malte | 2022 | 0.2 | 0.84 | ||
| Maroc | 2022 | 135.94 | 288.63 | ||
| Martinique | 2020-2022 | 0.79 | 1.65 | 1.02 | |
| Maurice | 2020-2022 | 13.6 | 6.14 | -21.92 | |
| Mauritanie | 2020-2022 | 71.92 | 1365.66 | 5.8 | |
| Mayotte | 2020-2022 | 1.41 | 1.23 | -0.11 | |
| Mexique | 2020-2022 | 5729.74 | 11140.45 | -4.26 | |
| Micronésie (États fédérés de) | 2022 | 2.18 | 2.12 | ||
| Monaco | 2022 | 0.08 | 0.05 | ||
| Monde | 2020-2022 | 2585526.57 | 990821.44 | -3.43 | |
| Mongolie | 2022 | 13861.4 | 3087.58 | ||
| Montserrat | 2022 | 0.01 | 0.55 | ||
| Monténégro | 2022 | 18.81 | 75.98 | ||
| Mozambique | 2020-2022 | 8223.1 | 3030.7 | -4.99 | |
| Myanmar | 2020-2022 | 3049.53 | 10797.43 | -6.63 | |
| Namibie | 2022 | 287.35 | 4601.62 | ||
| Nauru | 2022 | 0.04 | 0.19 | ||
| Nicaragua | 2020-2022 | 9326.12 | 750.3 | -2.06 | |
| Niger | 2022 | 302.83 | 1337.92 | ||
| Nigéria | 2020-2022 | 1663.91 | 5592.76 | -1.88 | |
| Nioué | 2022 | 0.11 | 0.01 | ||
| Norvège | 2022 | 12156.67 | 1329.07 | ||
| Nouvelle-Calédonie | 2020-2022 | 32.85 | 64.63 | 1.23 | |
| Nouvelle-Zélande | 2020-2022 | 3293.84 | 583.91 | 2 | |
| Népal | 2022 | 203.37 | 608.9 | ||
| Océanie (à l’exception de l’Australie et de la Nouvelle-Zélande) | 2020-2022 | 2865.05 | 2242.58 | -0.72 | |
| Oman | 2020-2022 | 36.37 | 327.04 | -14.7 | |
| Ouganda | 2022 | 7921.12 | 654.89 | ||
| Ouzbékistan | 2022 | 8683.77 | 8768.52 | ||
| Pakistan | 2020-2022 | 2660.34 | 15286.49 | -17.21 | |
| Palaos | 2020-2022 | 0.65 | 0.48 | 0.46 | |
| Panama | 2020-2022 | 44.76 | 212.24 | -1.45 | |
| Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée | 2020-2022 | 2482.08 | 2066.46 | -1.07 | |
| Paraguay | 2022 | 1335.99 | 2254.43 | ||
| Philippines | 2020-2022 | 2413.23 | 2017.98 | -2.71 | |
| Pitcairn | 2022 | 0 | 0.1 | ||
| Pologne | 2022 | 3109.1 | 882.1 | ||
| Polynésie française | 2020-2022 | 98.79 | 18.48 | 2.44 | |
| Porto Rico | 2020-2022 | 25.83 | 34.82 | -3.1 | |
| Portugal | 2022 | 187.41 | 198.05 | ||
| Pérou | 2020-2022 | 11807.62 | 6773.76 | -3.2 | |
| Qatar | 2020-2022 | 16.03 | 66.78 | 6.02 | |
| Roumanie | 2022 | 1679.24 | 851.03 | ||
| Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande du Nord | 2022 | 1823.55 | 432.49 | ||
| Rwanda | 2022 | 1517.05 | 59.21 | ||
| République arabe syrienne | 2022 | 350.36 | 595.29 | ||
| République centrafricaine | 2022 | 445.78 | 447.76 | ||
| République de Corée | 2022 | 464.72 | 663.32 | ||
| République de Moldova | 2022 | 236.1 | 122.48 | ||
| République dominicaine | 2020-2022 | 387.09 | 124.35 | -2.33 | |
| République démocratique du Congo | 2020-2022 | 35992.57 | 5374.98 | -0.49 | |
| République démocratique populaire lao | 2022 | 1074.28 | 970.53 | ||
| République populaire démocratique de Corée | 2022 | 523.46 | 844.47 | ||
| République-Unie de Tanzanie | 2020-2022 | 21613.33 | 4511.32 | -2.56 | |
| Sahara occidental | 2022 | 14.07 | 134.75 | ||
| Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis | 2020-2022 | 0.21 | 0.71 | 2.35 | |
| Saint-Marin | 2022 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saint-Martin (partie française) | 2020-2022 | 5.49 | 1.09 | -11.09 | |
| Saint-Martin (partie néerlandaise) | 2020-2022 | 3.56 | 1 | 0 | |
| Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon | 2022 | 4.78 | 1.32 | ||
| Saint-Siège | 2022 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Saint-Vincent-et-les Grenadines | 2020-2022 | 0.24 | 1.07 | 1.17 | |
| Sainte-Hélène | 2022 | 0.2 | 0.4 | ||
| Sainte-Lucie | 2020-2022 | 0.21 | 1.51 | -0.37 | |
| Samoa | 2020-2022 | 2.59 | 2.34 | -0.76 | |
| Samoa américaines | 2020-2022 | 0.45 | 0.74 | -1.68 | |
| Sao Tomé-et-Principe | 2020-2022 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Serbie | 2022 | 417.67 | 186.54 | ||
| Seychelles | 2020-2022 | 1.31 | 3.82 | -0.03 | |
| Sierra Leone | 2020-2022 | 77.22 | 381.51 | -4.46 | |
| Singapour | 2020-2022 | 9.94 | 16.68 | -13.17 | |
| Slovaquie | 2022 | 105.52 | 55.08 | ||
| Slovénie | 2022 | 41.79 | 36.35 | ||
| Somalie | 2020-2022 | 94.3 | 710.1 | -4.47 | |
| Soudan | 2020-2022 | 1268.15 | 1959.73 | -46.97 | |
| Soudan du Sud | 2022 | 556.79 | 1817.93 | ||
| Sri Lanka | 2020-2022 | 572.71 | 1063.67 | -23.15 | |
| Suisse | 2022 | 1292.35 | 52.22 | ||
| Suriname | 2020-2022 | 167.55 | 344.69 | 5.34 | |
| Sénégal | 2020-2022 | 533.83 | 2048.8 | 0.29 | |
| Tadjikistan | 2022 | 1169.58 | 640.45 | ||
| Tchad | 2022 | 1648.75 | 3536.26 | ||
| Tchéquie | 2022 | 358.69 | 123.4 | ||
| Thaïlande | 2020-2022 | 2232.88 | 8462.18 | -2.7 | |
| Timor-Leste | 2020-2022 | 3.56 | 61.99 | 0.33 | |
| Togo | 2020-2022 | 10.55 | 78.96 | -7.06 | |
| Tokélaou | 2022 | 59.07 | 0.06 | ||
| Tonga | 2020-2022 | 16.64 | 4.08 | -1.15 | |
| Trinité-et-Tobago | 2020-2022 | 6.65 | 13.64 | -1.01 | |
| Tunisie | 2022 | 86.73 | 1019.34 | ||
| Turkménistan | 2022 | 88527.06 | 6817.62 | ||
| Turquie | 2022 | 7172.15 | 3164.17 | ||
| Tuvalu | 2020-2022 | 0.1 | 0.11 | 0 | |
| Ukraine | 2022 | 3927.45 | 2266.88 | ||
| Uruguay | 2022 | 878.87 | 1124.03 | ||
| Vanuatu | 2020-2022 | 27.51 | 16.96 | -2.43 | |
| Venezuela (République bolivarienne du) | 2020-2022 | 5041.78 | 8748.96 | -0.06 | |
| Viet Nam | 2020-2022 | 2621.76 | 17414.79 | -4.72 | |
| Yémen | 2020-2022 | 65.01 | 303.75 | -18.35 | |
| Zambie | 2022 | 9106.48 | 7043.74 | ||
| Zimbabwe | 2022 | 406.29 | 519.95 | ||
| Égypte | 2020-2022 | 1966.72 | 2239.76 | -23.94 | |
| Émirats arabes unis | 2020 | -1.82 | |||
| Équateur | 2020-2022 | 1746.43 | 1576.67 | -3.67 | |
| Érythrée | 2020-2022 | 66.83 | 290.44 | -16.55 | |
| États-Unis d’Amérique | 2020-2022 | 252790.79 | 76485.51 | -2.95 | |
| Éthiopie | 2022 | 6551.11 | 2286.81 | ||
| Île Christmas | 2022 | 0.01 | 0.4 | ||
| Île Heard-et-Îles MacDonald | 2022 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Île Norfolk | 2022 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Île de Man | 2022 | 0.72 | 1.04 | ||
| Îles Caïmanes | 2020-2022 | 3.66 | 6.21 | -4.17 | |
| Îles Cook | 2020-2022 | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0 | |
| Îles Falkland (Malvinas) | 2022 | 135.22 | 46.29 | ||
| Îles Féroé | 2022 | 10.57 | 6.73 | ||
| Îles Mariannes du Nord | 2022 | 2.02 | 3.57 | ||
| Îles Marshall | 2020-2022 | 0.54 | 1.51 | 0 | |
| Îles Salomon | 2020-2022 | 127.2 | 25.1 | -0.15 | |
| Îles Svalbard-et-Jan Mayen | 2022 | 200.2 | 13.46 | ||
| Îles Turques-et-Caïques | 2020-2022 | 17.47 | 28.38 | -21.06 | |
| Îles Vierges américaines | 2020-2022 | 1.45 | 3.69 | -1.24 | |
| Îles Vierges britanniques | 2020-2022 | 4.64 | 3.92 | 5.91 | |
| Îles Wallis-et-Futuna | 2020-2022 | 0.64 | 0.74 | 0 | |
| Îles des Cocos (Keeling) | 2022 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Îles d’Åland | 2022 | 25.98 | 10.73 | ||