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Spain

Location

  • Geographical region: Southern Europe, Europe
  • SDG region: SDG Europe and Northern America

Land

  • Total area: --- km2
  • Land area: 499,557 km(2020)
  • Land use by sector: 52% agriculture, 37% forest and 11% other (2018 - 2020)

People

  • Total population: 47,615,034 people (2022)
  • Population density: 95 people per km2 (2020)  
  • Urbanisation: 80% lives in urban areas and 19% lives in rural areas (2020)  

Economy

  • Total GDP: 1,715,070,841,862 USD per year (2020)
  • GDP per capita: 36,020 USD per year (2020)
  • Value added by sector: 3% from agriculture, 68% from services and 21% from industry (2020 - 2022)
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SDG 6 snapshot in Spain

  • Drinking water

    100 % of the population in Spain uses a safely managed drinking water service (SDG indicator 6.1.1, 2022)
  • Sanitation

    90 % of the population in Spain uses a safely managed sanitation service (SDG indicator 6.2.1a, 2022)
  • Hygiene

    --- % of the population in Spain has a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home (SDG indicator 6.2.1b, 2022)
  • Wastewater

    80 % of domestic wastewater in Spain is safely treated (SDG indicator 6.3.1, 2022)
  • Water quality

    22 % of monitored water bodies in Spain has good ambient water quality (SDG indicator 6.3.2, 2023)
  • Efficiency

    38 $/m<sup>3</sup> is the value added from the use of water by people and the economy in Spain (SDG indicator 6.4.1, 2021)
  • Water stress

    43 % of the renewable water resources in Spain is being withdrawn, after taking into account environmental flow requirements (SDG indicator 6.4.2, 2021)
  • Water management

    92 % is the degree of implementation of integrated water resources management in Spain (SDG indicator 6.5.1, 2023) 
  • Transboundary

    100 % of transboundary basin area has an operational arrangement for water cooperation (SDG indicator 6.5.2, 2023)
  • Ecosystems

    19 % of the water basins in Spain is experiencing rapid changes in the area covered by surface waters (SDG 6 indicator 6.6.1, 2020)
  • Cooperation

    n/a is the amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Spain in 2022 (SDG indicator 6.a.1)
  • Participation

    --- is the number of sub-sectors (out of 6) with a high level of participation by communities in Spain (SDG indicator 6.b.1, 2021)

Drinking water

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Spain, progress over time

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Spain, by service level and location (2022)

Sanitation and hygiene

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Spain, progress over time

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Spain, by service level and location (2022)

6.2.1b Proportion of population with a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home in Spain, by service level and location (2022)

Water quality and wastewater

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated > Domestic in Spain (2022), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated in Spain, by source (2015 - 2022)

6.3.2 Level 1 Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality in Spain (2023), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water use and scarcity

Water resources and withdrawal in Spain, total and per capita

Long-term average annual precipitation in depth: 636 (mm/year) (2020)

Renewable water resources: 2,405 m3 per capita (2017)

Water withdrawal: 709 m3 per capita (2014)

Environmental flow requirements: % of the renewable water resources ()

6.4.2 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources in Spain, change over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Spain, by sector (2020)

Water-use efficiency for ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ only takes into account the proportion of gross value added that comes from irrigated agriculture, since that activity is associated with water withdrawal (other activities are rain-fed).

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Spain, progress over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water resources management

6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0-100) in Spain, progress over time, by dimension

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation in Spain, progress over time, by component

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

International cooperation and capacity-building

Annual expenditure for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene in Spain, by funding source

Community participation

6.b.1 Procedures in law or policy for participation by users/communities and level of participation in Spain

6.b.1 Level of participation by users/communities in Spain, progress over time, by sub-sector