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Kenya

Location

  • Geographical region: Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa
  • SDG region: SDG Sub-Saharan Africa

Land

  • Total area: --- km2
  • Land area: 569,140 km(2020)
  • Land use by sector: 49% agriculture, 6% forest and 45% other (2018 - 2020)

People

  • Total population: 54,027,487 people (2022)
  • Population density: 94 people per km2 (2020)  
  • Urbanisation: 28% lives in urban areas and 72% lives in rural areas (2020)  

Economy

  • Total GDP: 233,359,751,281 USD per year (2020)
  • GDP per capita: 4,319 USD per year (2020)
  • Value added by sector: 22% from agriculture, 54% from services and 18% from industry (2020 - 2022)
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SDG 6 snapshot in Kenya

  • Drinking water

    --- % of the population in Kenya uses a safely managed drinking water service (SDG indicator 6.1.1, 2022)
  • Sanitation

    31 % of the population in Kenya uses a safely managed sanitation service (SDG indicator 6.2.1a, 2022)
  • Hygiene

    38 % of the population in Kenya has a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home (SDG indicator 6.2.1b, 2022)
  • Wastewater

    11 % of domestic wastewater in Kenya is safely treated (SDG indicator 6.3.1, 2022)
  • Water quality

    37 % of monitored water bodies in Kenya has good ambient water quality (SDG indicator 6.3.2, 2023)
  • Efficiency

    16 $/m<sup>3</sup> is the value added from the use of water by people and the economy in Kenya (SDG indicator 6.4.1, 2021)
  • Water stress

    33 % of the renewable water resources in Kenya is being withdrawn, after taking into account environmental flow requirements (SDG indicator 6.4.2, 2021)
  • Water management

    62 % is the degree of implementation of integrated water resources management in Kenya (SDG indicator 6.5.1, 2023) 
  • Transboundary

    36 % of transboundary basin area has an operational arrangement for water cooperation (SDG indicator 6.5.2, 2023)
  • Ecosystems

    23 % of the water basins in Kenya is experiencing rapid changes in the area covered by surface waters (SDG 6 indicator 6.6.1, 2020)
  • Cooperation

    261 m$ is the amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Kenya in 2022 (SDG indicator 6.a.1)
  • Participation

    + is the number of sub-sectors (out of 6) with a high level of participation by communities in Kenya (SDG indicator 6.b.1, 2021)

Drinking water

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Kenya, progress over time

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Kenya, by service level and location (2022)

Sanitation and hygiene

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Kenya, progress over time

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Kenya, by service level and location (2022)

6.2.1b Proportion of population with a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home in Kenya, by service level and location (2022)

Water quality and wastewater

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated > Domestic in Kenya (2022), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated in Kenya, by source (2022)

6.3.2 Level 1 Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality in Kenya (2020-2023), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water use and scarcity

Water resources and withdrawal in Kenya, total and per capita

Long-term average annual precipitation in depth: 630 (mm/year) (2020)

Renewable water resources: 618 m3 per capita (2017)

Water withdrawal: 81 m3 per capita (2016)

Environmental flow requirements: % of the renewable water resources ()

6.4.2 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources in Kenya, change over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Kenya, by sector (2020)

Water-use efficiency for ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ only takes into account the proportion of gross value added that comes from irrigated agriculture, since that activity is associated with water withdrawal (other activities are rain-fed).

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Kenya, progress over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water resources management

6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0-100) in Kenya, progress over time, by dimension

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation in Kenya, progress over time, by component

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

International cooperation and capacity-building

6.a.1 Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Kenya, over time

6.a.1 Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Kenya in 2022, by sub-sector

Water and sanitation-related official development assistance includes water sector policy and governance, water supply, sanitation, water sector policy, water resources conservation, river basins development, waste management/disposal, education and training, agricultural water resources and hydroelectric power.

Annual expenditure for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene in Kenya, by funding source

Community participation

6.b.1 Procedures in law or policy for participation by users/communities and level of participation in Kenya (2021)

6.b.1 Level of participation by users/communities in Kenya, progress over time, by sub-sector